Impacted Entities: Who Is Affected

CBSE OSM OSINT Investigation  |   | 

At a Glance

1. Primary Regulatory & Government Bodies

Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE)

Regulatory body · Platform operator (client)

Awarded the OSM contract to Coempt EduTeck via e-procurement on the Central Public Procurement portal (RFP floated 28 Aug 2025). Responsible for oversight of the evaluation pipeline for Class 10 and Class 12 board examinations. The platform hosted evaluation for 17,80,365 registered Class 12 students in 2026.

Examination integrity Data protection Procurement oversight

Ministry of Education, Government of India

Parent ministry · Policy authority

Received formal correspondence from the Internet Freedom Foundation (IFF) raising concerns about the CBSE OSM platform's security. Responsible for national examination policy and digital infrastructure standards for education.

Policy accountability

Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In)

National cyber security agency

Notified by IFF regarding vulnerabilities in the CBSE OSM portal. CERT-In is mandated under Section 70B of the IT Act to coordinate cyber incident response for critical infrastructure. No public acknowledgment of action has been confirmed.

Cyber security response

2. The Vendor: Coempt EduTeck Pvt. Ltd.

Coempt EduTeck Pvt. Ltd. (formerly Globarena Technologies Pvt. Ltd.)

Platform vendor · System integrator

Hyderabad-based EdTech company with 25+ years in examination solutions. Operates the OnMark platform at onmark.co.in. Products include OneX, Onmark, EzyTest, Learning, Digital Labs, and DigiTab. Company website at coempt.in. GitHub org: github.com/coempt (empty since 2020).

The company and its CEO were previously investigated in a 2019 Telangana case, reportedly cleared by courts. The current CBSE OSM contract was awarded in 2025.

Vendor accountability Code leak Due diligence

Key internal identifiers found via OSINT: At least two Coempt employees — GitHub user segrgokul (Hyderabad, likely K. Naga Raju) and viswanthp — published internal QA automation code and server-side source code to public GitHub repositories. The automation code references internal project codenames: GITA (likely Gujarat), KNR (Karnataka), NIZAM (Telangana), SCTEVT (State Council for Technical Education & Vocational Training).

3. State Boards on the OnMark Platform

Confirmed via SSL certificate transparency logs (crt.sh for *.onmark.co.in), GitHub source code references, and HTTP probing. Not all subdomains were live at time of verification.

EntitySubdomainSourceConfidence
CBSEcbseosm.onmark.co.inActive, confirmed✅ Verified
CBSEcbse.onmark.co.inSSL cert + active✅ Verified
CBSEcbseeval.onmark.co.inSSL cert✅ Verified
Andhra Pradesh SBTETsbtet.onmark.co.inServer-side source leak (ASP.NET)✅ Verified
Bengaluru Central Universitybcuosm.onmark.co.inSSL cert + HTTP active✅ Verified
Karnataka State Women's Universitykswuosm.onmark.co.inSSL cert✅ Verified
Acharya Nagarjuna Universityanu.onmark.co.inSSL cert✅ Verified
JNTU (Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University)jntu*.onmark.co.inSSL cert✅ Verified
Gujarat board (GITA project)Internal codename gitaGitHub automation code⚠️ Inferred
Karnataka evaluation (KNR project)Internal codename knrGitHub automation code⚠️ Inferred
Telangana / Nizam evaluationInternal codename nizamGitHub automation code⚠️ Inferred
State Council for Technical Education & VTInternal codename sctevtGitHub automation code⚠️ Inferred

Total Blast Radius

At least 30+ SSL certificates issued for *.onmark.co.in subdomains indicate the platform serves dozens of educational institutions. Every institution shares the same base platform code, meaning platform-level vulnerabilities affect all simultaneously.

4. Directly Impacted Individuals

CBSE Class 12 Students (2026 batch)

Data subjects · 17,80,365 registered (17,68,968 appeared)

Handwritten answer sheets were scanned and uploaded to the OnMark platform. The IDOR vulnerability in the answer-sheet PDF download endpoint means graded answer sheets — with marks, annotations, and evaluator comments — may have been accessible via sequential ID guessing.

Personal data exposure Academic integrity

Evaluators / Examiners

Platform users · Thousands across boards

Evaluator credentials (user IDs, school codes, passwords) were exposed through the vendor's public GitHub automation code. Evaluator photographs — used for exam-duty identity verification — were served via an unauthenticated API endpoint. Password changes required no old password verification.

Credential exposure Identity data

5. Security Researchers & Whistleblowers

Nisarga Adhikary

Security researcher · Vulnerability discoverer

19-year-old ethical hacker who independently identified and disclosed critical vulnerabilities in the CBSE OSM portal in February 2026: authentication bypass, client-side OTP validation, hardcoded master password in the Angular bundle, password reset without old password, and IDOR. Published detailed writeup at ni5arga.com.

Researcher

Sarthak Sidhant

Independent researcher · Procurement investigator

Investigated the CBSE procurement process for the OSM contract. Published findings on GitHub revealing that CBSE had rewritten tender norms to favour Coempt EduTeck, including deletion of prior experience requirements that would have eliminated the vendor.

Researcher

6. Civil Society & Advocacy

Internet Freedom Foundation (IFF)

Digital rights organization · Advocacy

Issued formal letter to the Ministry of Education and CERT-In demanding disclosure and action on the CBSE OSM vulnerabilities. Framed the issue as a national examination integrity concern. Published detailed article: "When the Exam Itself Can Be Hacked".

Advocacy

7. Vendor Employees Identified via OSINT

GitHub HandleLocationRepositoriesWhat Was Leaked
segrgokulHyderabadKNR_Automation_Coempt, coempt_AutomationSelenium QA automation for 4 board instances (GITA, KNR, NIZAM, SCTEVT). Includes login flows, page object models matching live portal DOM, config with service URLs, Jenkins integration.
viswanthpIndiaAP_SBTET_AUDITFull server-side ASP.NET source code for AP State Board of Technical Education's OSM instance. Includes custom cryptography, payment integrations, authentication design.
akhi101IndiaSBTET_AUDIT, sbtet_login_auditIndependent security audit repos targeting the AP SBTET instance. Archived but not analysed in depth.
Employment link: segrgokul's GitHub profile lists Hyderabad — Coempt EduTeck's headquarters. The repository names (KNR_Automation_Coempt) explicitly reference the company. The Selenium page-object models match the live CBSE OSM portal's exact DOM structure and Angular route paths (e.g., /cbseevalweb/).

8. Media Coverage

PublicationAngleLink
Hindustan TimesTelangana firm Coempt EduTeck in focus amid CBSE OSM row; Rahul GandhiHT
MoneycontrolCoempt CEO denies platform breach, cites 2019 Telangana case cleared by courtsMoneycontrol
Indian ExpressCBSE Class 12 digital evaluation / OSM backgroundIE
Careers360CBSE OSM portal hacker Nisarga Adhikary — vulnerabilities explainedCareers360
Free Press JournalMeet Nisarga — the 19-year-old ethical hacker who flagged alleged CBSE portal issuesFPJ
MediNamaCERT-In and CBSE OSM portal vulnerabilitiesMediNama

9. Platform Domain Infrastructure

DomainPurposeStatus
onmark.co.inCoempt's OnMark platform rootActive
cbse.onmark.co.inCBSE OSM evaluation portalActive
cbseosm.onmark.co.inCBSE OSM production instanceActive
cbseeval.onmark.co.inCBSE evaluator interfaceActive
sbtet.onmark.co.inAP State Board of Technical EducationActive (ASP.NET)
bcuosm.onmark.co.inBengaluru Central UniversityActive (confirmed HTTP)
coempt.inCoempt EduTeck corporate siteActive (Angular SPA, JS-required)
github.com/coemptCoempt GitHub organizationEmpty since 2020
Methodology note: All entity information was compiled from public OSINT sources — GitHub repositories, SSL certificate transparency logs (crt.sh), HTTP probing, web archives (Wayback Machine), and media reports. No live systems were accessed. No private or classified information is included. GitHub usernames listed are those found with public repositories containing Coempt-related code; employment with Coempt is inferred from repository content, naming conventions, and profile information, not confirmed through direct channels.